|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
By Mark Trope
|
| |
|
Article Published
Date: 11/21/2007 |
| |
|
Adobe PDF Downloadable Version of Article |
|
|
Part I
(A Bit Of History = How It
All Started)
John Moses
Browning was a firearms genius. Volumes could be written
about the man and his accomplishments. One of
his greatest, if not the single greatest accomplishment
of his career was the design of the Model 1911, semi-automatic,
.45 ACP chambered pistol. Browning’s design came at
a time when other semi-automatic pistols were somewhat delicate,
extremely complicated, or downright fussy and lacking in
reliability. Some of the designs of that era encompassed
all these faults!
Browning’s
Model 1911, semi-automatic, .45 ACP pistol was different,
much different. It was simple, strong, reliable in
the extreme, and would stand up to hard field use and just
keep going. After WWI, Colt continued to manufacture
the 1911, and found an eager police and civilian market
for the now famous pistol. Calibers such as
.38 Super were added. It followed suit that
crafty pistol smiths would take a hard look at the 1911.
They realized there was market for ultra precise, match-grade
target guns, and tuned; enhanced target/duty/carry guns,
etc. The all-steel 1911 was the perfect platform to
build such guns.
There
were a few complaints about the military issue 1911.
The sights, while snag proof, (as the
military intended them to be) were abysmal for truly
accurate shooting. The short grip safety; and spur
hammer often led to the web of a shooters hand being “bitten”
as the slide came back in recoil. The thumb lever
of the safety was very small,
and set up for right-handed persons only. Browning
didn’t consider the 8% of the population whose claim to
fame was being southpaw when he designed the 1911’s safety
lever. The trigger pull (generally) was
long, gritty and heavy (Note.1). The ejection
port, while totally adequate to clear empties, often dented
the empty brass case mouths (Note.2).
Some of
the usual modifications and or additions made by pistol
smiths were:
-
More visible,
and or adjustable sights
-
Beavertail
grip safety
-
Spurless
“Commander” style hammer
-
Enlarged
& lowered ejection port
-
Custom
ventilated trigger and or adjustable trigger
-
Tighten
up slide/frame tolerance
-
Polish
feed ramp
-
Throat
& polish barrel, or replace barrel
-
Custom
barrel bushing
-
Checker
frame for better gripping
-
Larger
safety or ambidextrous safety
-
Chamfer
magazine well
-
Larger
magazine release button
-
Pads on
bottom of magazines
This is
just a partial list. Some very exotic 1911’s
were (and are) built. What could be done was limited
only by your checkbook, and the amount of patience you had!
Work by the best pistol smiths was (and still is) expensive,
and delivery schedules tended to be on the long (often very
long) side. For many years, if one wanted a match-target
grade or enhanced target/duty/carry 1911, this was about
the only way one could be acquired (Note.3&4).
In the
mid to late 1970’s, things changed a bit. Companies
arrived on the scene that only produced match-target
grade and or enhanced duty/carry 1911’s. All carried
a pretty stiff price tag. Some of these guns were
(and still are) very good. However, there was trouble
in paradise. A few of these companies were not able
to deliver orders with any sort of reliable schedule.
Some of the pistols had serious reliability issues.
Stories abound of pistols making one, two, or even three
trips back to the factory to sort out various problems.
Some of
these companies, while producing a fine product, had financial
issues. Often the companies went from owner to owner.
Some factories moved from state to state. Some
operations closed their doors, only to resurface a couple
years later. New owners, acquiring the “name”
of a defunct company; would disavow products produced by
previous owners (Note.5)
Some fellows
lost faith in printed gun magazines of the day. Companies
supplied a “test gun” to gun writers. That one,
single gun made the circuit with all the gun
writers, regardless of whom they wrote for.
Such “tool room” guns were touted to the stars. If
actual production pieces lived up to the tool room gun,
all was well. Sadly, many production examples of those
guns left lots to be desired.
I personally
recall being on the range, and seeing serial # 11 of a certain
gun that supposed to be the ultimate enhanced duty/carry
gun. That particular model was all but impossible
to find. That pistol could only get thru 2 rounds
of fresh factory ammunition without jamming!
Changing magazines did not help. The pistol had more
then one type of problem too. The owner, less then
happy with his very expensive wunderkind;
was mumbling things best not said aloud in polite society.
The company producing the pistol admitted to serious design
and production problems with the model. Fixes were
announced and attempted, the company finally folded.
I, for one, would not like to be stuck with pistol.
It amounted to little more then an expensive and interesting
paperweight!
In at
least one instance, a production version of a certain gun
was never released on the market, even though stories
had been written to whet the appetites of panting buyers.
Again, a single tool room gun had made the circuit!
Many fellows,
wanting a special gun; simply went back to the tried & true
pistol smith, and saved their money for the long awaited
day when their hand-built piece was ready.
|
| |
Part II
(The Gun = A New Take
On An Old Design)
What about
a factory produced gun though? A 1911 type that is
totally factory produced, yet
embodies all the custom touches and features that separates
it from the average “Government Model” 1911.
I like many others, was waiting for just such a gun.
A gun produced by a solid company with a reputation for
quality, and really stands behind their products.
Enter Taurus International Mfg, Inc.! The Taurus PT1911
is the gun, it’s available now, and at a price that won’t
look like your next mortgage payment.
http://www.taurususa.com/products/product-details.cfm?id=59&category=Pistol
Taurus International Mfg, Inc.
16175 NW 49 Ave.
Miami, FL 33014
Phone: (305) 624-1115
Fax:
(305) 624-1126
Taurus is coming close to its 6th
decade in business. Taurus holds the much-coveted
ISO 9001 rating from International Organization for Standardization
for superior manufacturing and marketing practices.
|
In 1984
Taurus took the industry by storm when it announced a lifetime
repair policy to the original owner of a gun. This
was an unprecedented move. Other gun manufacturers
have followed suit. American gun buyers
started to sit up and take notice of the company from Brazil.
Every year Taurus introduced new,
and innovative guns. Now, Taurus has an enhanced
target/duty/carry 1911. The PT 1911 is one serious
piece of work!
I was
at WEST TEXAS MILITARY SURPLUS, 2413-34th
St, Lubbock, Texas 79411, 1-(806)-785-4867,
www.gunsandblades.com when the big brown truck delivered
a shipment of guns. Among the other goodies in the
box was a Taurus PT1911, caliber .45ACP! Not
only that, but it was the very first one to arrive
in Lubbock Texas! Used to seeing regular “Government
Model” 1911’s, my mind began to tick off all the subtle
differences evident when I gave the Taurus PT 1911 the once
over.
|
 |
|
PT 1911, right side
|
|
 |
|
PT 1911, left side
|
|
 |
PT 1911 frame
is stain finished, slide is matte finished
|
|
First,
the PT1911 is simply pleasing to the eye. The all-steel
frame has a “satin” finish. I have always enjoyed
this type of finish; it’s both stylish and practical.
Not as glossy as some, but not bland looking or rough feeling
like phosphate finishes. The slide is bead blasted,
giving it a non-reflective matte, flat-black finish.
Light will not reflect in the eyes of a shooter, causing
him or her to loose target acquisition. Looking down
the top of that slide revealed a special set of sights.
|
 |
PT 1911 has Heinie
“Straight 8” sights
(Circular area at the
top of the hammer is for the unobtrusive lock)
|
|
 |
Supplied Allen
wrench will loosen sight for windage adjustment
|
|
 |
|
Heinie “Straight 8”
front sight
|
|
 |
Heinie “Straight
8” front sight has adequate height
|
|
 |
PT 1911 comes
in plastic box. Supplied tools include
a polymer disassembly tool, two keys, Allen
wrench and bore brush
(Owners manual is included’
but not pictured)
|
|
The sights of the PT1911
are outstanding. The pistol is outfitted with Heinie
www.heinie.com, “straight eight” 2-dot sights
Taurus wisely put a well-known and respected set of custom
sights on the PT 1911. Fellows with custom enhanced
target/duty/carry 1911’s almost always have some form of
custom sights. What could be better then getting those
sights on your pistol right “out-of-the-box” as they say?
Taurus includes an Allen wrench so the sights can be adjusted
for windage.
|
 |
PT 1911’s
slide has grasping grooves at both front &
rear
|
|
| The PT 1911 has grasping grooves at both ends of the
slide. Very handy, not everyone may want to charge the
pistol by grasping the slide at the rear.
|
 |
| PT 1911’s ejection port is enlarged &
lowered. Brass isn’t damaged upon ejection. Tiny speckles just above pencil
are where brass case heads strike slide on ejection |
|
The ejection port is
lowered. Many “Government Model” 1911’s really beat up
brass as it’s ejected from the pistol. This isn’t an
issue for the military; they don’t reload. For those of
us who handload, we want our brass in as good shape as
possible. The lowered port gives brass plenty of room
top eject without a case of “case
mouth crunch”.
|
 |
|
PT 1911’s
feed ramp is polished to a point where I can see my reflection in the ramp |
|
 |
|
PT 1911’s
barrel throat is also highly polished. |
|
 |
|
Again, my
reflection is visible |
|
Looking into that
ejection port revealed a stainless steel barrel. The
feed ramp leading up to the barrel showed a mirror
polish. The Taurus PT 1911’s barrel throat is mirror
polished and the throat is perfectly contoured. We’ll
check it out the Taurus barrel in greater detail
later.
Pulling back the slide
disclosed the fit of slide and frame to be excellent.
Not to tight or too loose. Such a combination insures
reliable functioning, yet creates the potential
for outstanding accuracy.
|
 |
PT 1911’s hammer shape and long, beavertail
grip safety insure the web of the hand won’t get pinched during slide
movement
|
|
The hammer is of the
style commonly called “Commander”. It doesn’t have the
spur in the manner of the “Government Model”. The vast
majority of target or enhanced duty/carry 1911’s
use the “Commander” style
hammer. Taurus incorporates a lock in the hammer, and
includes keys for it. The lock is totally unobtrusive,
and once put in the unlock position, has no effect on
the functioning of the pistol.
The grip safety is an
extended beavertail type. Again, this is a standard
modification of pistol smiths. A combination of
“Commander” style hammer and extended beavertail grip
safety keep the web of the hand from being “bitten”
during the cycling of the slide.
|
 |
|
PT 1911’s steel trigger is
skeletonized. The after 50 rounds; the pull weight measured 4 ¾ lbs with no
creep |
|
| The PT 1911’s trigger is skeletonized in the manner of
custom triggers. A lightened, well-made trigger is
paramount to attaining a crisp, light pull. Trying the
trigger showed it had the barest hint of creep, then
released smartly (later at home, the out-of-the-box trigger
pull weight measured 5lbs). |
 |
|
The right-hand safety lever of
the PT 1911 is of the extended style |
|
 |
|
Taurus didn’t forget about the
southpaws. An extended-lever safety is on the other side too |
|
The PT 1911 has
expended-lever ambidextrous safeties, a
|
|
 |
As is
the bottom of the trigger guard...
|
|
 |
|
And the
straight-style mainspring housing |
|
The
front of the grip frame and bottom of the trigger guard
are generously checkered. Checkering keeps the gun from
sliding about in the hand. This is standard fare for
the custom pistol smith, working over the smooth metal
surfaces of “Government Model” 1911’s for a firmer
grip. On the Taurus PT 1911, it’s done at the factory.
|
 |
|
Two 8-round
magazines are furnished |
|
 |
|
Note the synthetic pad on the
bottom of the magazine. |
|
| The PT 1911 is supplied with two
8-round magazines. The magazines have synthetic pads on the
bottom. Many matches require a fast magazine change, and
the expended magazine is simply dropped. The pad reduces the
likelihood of damage to the magazine. |
 |
The magazine well of the PT 1911 is chamfered
for fast magazine changes.
|
|
 |
|
Sharp checkering for a sure grip |
|
The grip panels of the PT
1911 are hard, black synthetic. They are sharply
checkered and will not slip in the hand. Many shooters
may not care for synthetic, and would prefer the more
traditional wood panels. Others like rubber-covered
panels. This one is strictly a matter of
preference.
Now, I personally have
never been one to have to acquire the very first
example of a new model gun to arrive in town, but I made
an exception in this case. I wanted the PT
1911! Needless to say, I took that PT 1911 off the
market fast.
|
 |
|
The nose of a
cast bullet will glide up the slick ramp |
|
 |
|
Lands &
grooves are extremely smooth |
|
The
only cleaning my PT 1911 required out-of-the-box was to
clean a slight amount of powder residue out of the
barrel left over from its factory test firing. I ran a
patch soaked in solvent thru the barrel several times,
and let the barrel sit for the few (very few) minutes it
took to get my Lee Classic Turret Press ready to load
.45 ACP caliber. I had to switch shellholder, switch a
fully loaded die turret, switch powder measure disks,
fill the powder measure’s reservoir with Alliant Herco
powder and fill the Safee Taurus
barrels attributes go beyond the lands & grooves.
“Government Model” 1911 barrels are designed to reliably
feed 230 grain, FMJ (full metal jacket) round nose
bullets; commonly called “hardball” ammo. Hardball
doesn’t require much in the way of polishing or
throating of the barrel to have it feed & chamber. Most
people who shoot their 1911’s with any sort of frequency
load their own ammo, not only that,
unless they have lots of money to spend on
jacketed bullets, they tend to use cast lead alloy
bullets. They either cast their own, or purchase
pre-cast & lubed lead alloy bullets. Lead alloy
bullets make a lot of sense, beside the cost factor;
it’s virtually impossible to wear out a barrel with
them. The hardest cast bullets have a Brinnell
hardness of 35; most go much less. FMJ bullets have a
Brinnell hardness of 100. Within
a few thousand rounds of FMJ
bullets, any .45 ACP barrel will display
signs of wear.
|
 |
|
No problem
chambering ammo in this barrel |
|
However, for a pistol to
reliably feed lead alloy bullets, the barrel has to be
properly throated & polished. The Taurus PT 1911’s
barrel has a mirror polish and the throat is perfectly
contoured. The feed ramp that guides the bullet to the
throat is also mirror polished. It costs a pretty penny
to have a gunsmith do these jobs on a 1911. Ok, we
have a slick, new PT 1911, now we need ammo to put the
Taurus to the test. As the Lee Classic Turret Press is
ready, let’s discuss cast bullet designs.
|
| |
Part III
(Cast Bullets, Loading Tools, Technique = “The Load”)
|
| |
 |
|
Lee Bullet
Mold # 90310 |
|
 |
Lee 6-cavity pistol bullet mold with
cam-operated sprue cutter
|
|
 |
|
6 perfect bullets from Lee
Bullet
Mold # 90310 |
|
Arguably the best-designed .45 ACP bullet mold was the
H&G # 68. It is the most used design
in .45 ACP competitions; it is extremely accurate.
The long nose feeds reliably in auto pistols; the SWC
contour cuts clean holes in paper, and the 200-grain
weight is about ideal. Lee Precision Inc.
www.leeprecision.com,
bullet mold # 90310 is a copy of the H&G # 68. I
produce these bullets from a Lee 6-cavity mold, size
them to .452, and lube them with GAR 50/50 bullet lube.
They are loaded on the fore mentioned Lee Classic Turret
Press with Lee 4-die carbide dies and a Lee
Pro Auto Disk Powder Measure. My powder of choice is
Alliant
Herco.
|
 |
|
Lee Classic Turret Press |
|
|
 |
(Alliant
Powder Co.)
Powder selection can be
downright bewildering to say the least. I prefer Alliant Herco
http://www.alliantpowder.com/. I loaded grains 6.3 of Herco
under the Lee cast bullet.
Alliant
Powder
PO Box 6
Radford, VA 24143-0006
1-800-276-9337
|
|
 |
Back of barrel
coated with fouling after firing, however, notice how little fouling in
actually in the barrel
|
|
 |
Front of barrel.
Again, very little fouling is in actually in the barrel
|
|
Herco is a rather
flexible powder. There are several reasons why I like
it. Originally designed for shot shells, Herco has an
excellent track record with cast bullets in handguns.
Being a rather bulky powder, it uses up a goodly amount
of space in a cartridge case; double charging a case
with Herco would be hard to do. Most importantly, Herco
does not cause erosion of the base band of cast bullets
(in proper loads) as can happen with some other very
popular powders. Here’s the reason: Herco burns a bit
cooler then other powders. No it
doesn’t burn quite as clean as some powders.
However, Herco has always worked very for
me in .38 Special, .357 Magnum,
.44 Special, .44 Magnum, .45 Auto Rim and .45 ACP
calibers; I’ll stick with it.
Loading for a semi-auto
pistol is a bit more involved then loading for a wheel
gun. Almost any shape bullet can be used in a
revolver. Bullets for semi-auto pistols must feed &
chamber reliably. As stated before: the design of the
Lee Precision Inc. bullet mold # 90310 is the
most used .45 ACP cast bullet. However, while one
can play a lot with bullet seating depths in revolvers,
semi-auto pistols are another story.
Bullet seating depths in
semi-auto pistols are critical. Two important points
must be considered. First: the loaded round must fit
in and function thru the magazine. This requires the
bullet must not be seated to shallowly. That one seems
easy enough. Second: the bullet must not be seated to
deeply!
Just a hint of lead must
be showing above the rim of the cartridge case when the
bullet is seated. When the round is stripped from the
magazine, that leading edge of lead alloy will strike
the feed ramp instead of the cartridge case rim striking
it. The lead alloy will act as a lubricant while the
round travels up the feed ramp, and keep the rim from
getting dented and jamming the gun. What’s the correct
seating depth then?
|
 |
Notice leading edge of bullet is just above
the mouth of the case
(I DO
NOT use or load steel cases for shooting. This a
dummy round only!)
|
|
 |
Dummy round in chamber
(The
case doesn’t really project above the barrel hood on this round. The angle
of the camera is a bit off)
|
|
| Seating depth can be determined by dropping a loaded
round into the chamber of the barrel. The barrel must be
removed from the gun, and held with the chamber facing up.
The back of the cartridge case should just line up with the
hood of the barrel, but not project up above the edge of the
barrel hood. Adjust the seating down a bit at a time,
checking the round in the barrel until the back of the
cartridge case just lines up with the hood of the barrel.
Crimping is also a critical factor in loading for a parallel
sided “rimless’ case. |
 |
|
.45 ACP round on right has taper
crimp… |
|
 |
|
.38 Special
round on left has roll crimp |
|
 |
|
Notice round does not project
beyond edge of magazine |
|
Parallel sided, “rimless’
cases, such as the .45 ACP headspace on the case rim,
therefore, such cases must not be roll crimped as in the
way of rimmed cases like the 38 Special, .357 Magnum,
.44 Special, .44 Magnum etc, but must be taper crimped.
The Lee .45 ACP 4-die set comes with a taper crimp die;
just adjust it per the supplied instructions.
|
 |
| Feed ramp is covered with powder fouling.
Notice “run track” where bullet nose glides up ramp into… |
|
 |
Barrel throat covered in powder fouling; also
shows a “run track” where bullet nose enters the chamber
(A bit
of solvent dissolves ALL the fouling immediately)
|
|
| |
Part IV
(Range Time = Success!)
|
| |
My first trip to the range
was exciting to say the least. Having the first example
of a new model gun to arrive in town is always sure to
draw attention! Everyone wanted to see the Taurus!
It was time to get down to business
though.
The Taurus looked great,
and the care that went into its manufacture was
evident. Honestly, I was still a bit nervous though.
Sure, I had done everything “by the book” in preparing
ammo; and my load was perfectly safe, but, this was
still a semi automatic pistol. By their nature &
design, semi autos are not forgiving like a revolver!
Additionally, this was a brand new gun, of a brand new
model. I only loaded 5 rounds in the first magazine,
and then charged the
pistol.
Bringing the pistol up,
the first thing I noticed was the “straight eight” 2-dot
sights Heinie sights were very visible. The Taurus
felt very good in the hand. It seemed to point
naturally at the target. The trigger came back
smoothly…bang! Well waddaya know, I heard the empty hit
the ground, and the pistol is back in battery...so far,
so good. She fired, ejected the empty and chambered a
new round. That happened 4 more times without fail. I
was feeling pretty good now. The gun grouped nicely
with my first load too. 45 more shots easily went thru
the Taurus that day. I wished I had loaded 100 rounds
for the first session instead of just 50! Back at
home; I noticed the hint of creep in the Taurus’s
trigger had disappeared completely. I rechecked the
trigger pull and found it was now 4 ¾ lbs, down ¼ lb
from the pre-firing weight. The next week I brought 100
rounds, one again the Taurus digested them easily and
grouped well.
I’m very pleased for an
initial effort. Of course I have more work to do.
Getting a new pistol and learning how to make it perform
is all part of the challenge though, isn’t it?
|
 |
|
10 rounds |
|
 |
|
10 rounds |
|
I can
recommend the Taurus PT 1911 without reservation! The
shooter looking for a factory produced, custom style,
1911 type .45 ACP with all the good stuff already done
at the factory, need look no further then a dealer who
handles Taurus products. Friendly dealers usually
discount the PT 1911’s price down from the MSRLP. The
Taurus & I will be getting to know each other very
well!
|
| |
|
Note 1 |
|
Most Military triggers leave much to be
desired by gun enthusiasts. The 1911’s trigger was
designed with for the military. The long take up
and heavy pull insures a nervous soldier on the
battlefield won’t have an accidental discharge, or
the act of running and jumping into a foxhole won’t
cause a gun to fire. What about standing post in
winter, and wearing gloves over icy cold fingers?
The Military trigger is designed with all these
scenarios in mind. |
|
| |
|
Note 2 |
|
Dented case mouths are not a concern for the
military. It’s only a concern to those of us who
(like me) reload. |
|
| |
|
Note 3 |
|
During this period Colt was always producing the
“Gold Cup” match grade pistol. However they didn’t
produce any enhanced duty/carry pistols at that
time. |
|
| |
|
Note 4 |
|
“Um, what about those “drop
in” parts?”
Sometimes “drop in” parts are truly just that. The
non-gunsmith person orders parts, installs them; and
everything works right the first time. However,
don’t be surprised if some amount of fitting needs
to be done before all is well. |
|
| |
|
Note 5 |
|
This discussion doesn’t only apply to 1911 type
firearms. There were other designs in the arms
trade that suffered from these problems as well. |
|
| |
| |
|
Adobe PDF Downloadable Version of Article |
| |
|
Copyright 2006, 2007
Surplusrifle.com |
|